Thag 11 Saṅkicca — A monk who gained awakening as a novice reflects on his life in the wilderness.
Ven. Saṅkicca ordained as a novice at the age of seven, and is reported to have attained arahantship as his head was being shaved prior to his ordination. In the first of the following verses attributed to him, he engages himself in a rhetorical conversation while sitting in a rainy forest.
What do you want in the woods, my boy,
like a bird (1) exposed to the rain?
Monsoons refresh you,
for seclusion is for those in jhāna.
As the monsoon wind
drives the clouds in the rainy season,
so thoughts concerned with seclusion
impel me.
* * *
A black crow
making its home in a charnel ground
inspires within me
mindfulness in—
based on dispassion for—
the body. (2)
* * *
One whom others don’t guard,
who doesn’t guard others:
He is a monk
who lies down in ease,
unconcerned with sensual passions.
* * *
With clear waters &
massive boulders,
frequented by monkeys &
deer,
covered with moss &
water weeds:
Those rocky crags
refresh me.
* * *
I’ve lived in wildernesses,
canyons, & caves,
isolated dwellings
frequented by predator & prey,
but never have I known
an ignoble, aversive resolve:
“May these beings
be destroyed,
be slaughtered,
fall into pain.”
* * *
The Teacher has been served by me;
the Awakened One’s bidding,
done;
the heavy load, laid down;
the guide to becoming, (3) uprooted.
And the goal for which I went forth
from home life into homelessness
I’ve reached:
the end
of all fetters.
I don’t delight in death,
don’t delight in living.
I await my time
as a worker his wage.
I don’t delight in death,
don’t delight in living.
I await my time,
mindful, alert.
Notes
1. Ujjuhāna. The Commentary offers two interpretations for this word. The first is that it is a hill covered with jungle and many streams that tended to overflow in the rainy season. The other is that it is the name of a bird that could stay comfortable even when exposed to cold, wind, and rain. I’ve chosen the second alternative. K. R. Norman speculates that the term could be written ujjahāna, in which case it would be the present participle for a verb meaning “abandoned” or “cast off.” However, none of the manuscripts support his speculation.
2. In other words, the sight of the crow taking up residence in skulls and other body parts provided a chastening perspective on how the mind takes up residence in the body.
3. The guide to becoming is craving.
See also: Thag 5:8; Thag 14:1; Thag 18
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Thag 12:1 Sīlavat — The rewards of virtue.
Here master the virtue
that in this world is well-mastered,
for virtue, when cultivated,
brings every consummation near.
Wise, one should protect one’s virtue,
aspiring to three pleasures:
praise, the gaining of wealth,
and—after death—rejoicing in heaven.
The virtuous one, through restraint,
acquires many friends,
while the unvirtuous one, practicing evil,
from friends is estranged.
The unvirtuous person gains
disrepute & dishonor;
the virtuous person, always,
repute, honor, & praise.
Virtue is the beginning, the establishing,
the mother of what is fine,
the foremost of all qualities:
Therefore virtue should be purified.
Virtue is also control, restraint,
the delight of the mind,
the ford of all Buddhas:
Therefore virtue should be purified.
Virtue: an incomparable strength.
Virtue: the ultimate weapon.
Virtue: the highest adornment.
Virtue: an astounding coat of mail.
Virtue: an imposing bridge.
Virtue: an unexcelled fragrance.
Virtue: the highest fragrant ointment
by which one wafts
this direction & that.
Virtue: the supreme provision.
Virtue: the ultimate food for the journey.
Virtue: the highest vehicle
by which one goes (1)
this direction & that.
Right here he gains blame,
and after death, in deprivation,
he’s unhappy at heart:
Everywhere the fool
is unhappy at heart,
not concentrated on virtues.
Right here he gains honor
and after death, in heaven,
is happy at heart:
Everywhere the enlightened one
is happy at heart,
well-concentrated on virtues.
Here virtue is supreme,
but one with discernment is the ultimate.
Among human beings & devas
one conquers
through virtue & discernment.
Note
1. Reading yāti with the PTS and Sinhalese editions. The Thai has vāti—“wafts”—which seems to be a mistake.
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Thag 12:2 Sunīta the Outcaste — An outcaste becomes an arahant and is worshiped by devas.
Into a lowly family I was born,
poor, with next to no food.
My work was degrading:
I gathered the spoiled,
the withered flowers from shrines
and threw them away.
People found me disgusting,
despised me, disparaged me.
Lowering my heart,
I showed reverence to many.
Then I saw the One Self-awakened,
arrayed with a squadron of monks,
the Great Hero, entering the city,
supreme, of the Magadhans.
Throwing down my carrying pole,
I approached him to do reverence.
He—the supreme man—stood still
out of sympathy
just
for me.
After paying homage
to the feet of the teacher,
I stood to one side
& requested the Going Forth from him,
supreme among all living beings.
The compassionate Teacher,
sympathetic to all the world, said:
“Come, monk.”
That was my formal Acceptance.
Alone, I stayed in the wilds,
untiring,
I followed the Teacher’s words,
just as he, the Conqueror, had taught me.
In the first watch of the night,
I recollected previous lives;
in the middle watch,
purified the divine eye;
in the last,
burst the mass of darkness.
Then, as night was ending
& the sun returning,
Indra & Brahmā came to pay homage to me,
hands palm-to-palm at their hearts:
“Homage to you,
O thoroughbred of men,
Homage to you,
O man supreme,
whose effluents are ended.
You, dear sir,
are worthy of offerings.”
Seeing me,
arrayed with a squadron of devas,
the Teacher smiled & said:
“Through austerity, celibacy,
restraint, & self-control:
That’s how one is a brahman.
He is a brahman supreme.”
See also: SN 3:24; AN 3:58; Ud 5:3