exchange rate is irrelevant,if u started investing recently in the past few years,the exchange rate difference u get is small and insignificant,if u want to talk about the exchange rate back in 1990 or something,sure the USD might be down 30 or 40 percent,but the performance of the US stock market kick's SG stock market so hard in the last 25 years its like hitting a golf ball from Houstan that landed somewhere in China.
index investors are long term investors so we should be looking at time periods of 10 to 20 years at least.
To me exchange rate is relevant, I'll explain it in a while. i actually made my own set of data to compare STI against S&P. Unfortunately it only starts from 2002, the date STI ETF starts trading. what i found out after factoring exchange rate, is that the recent 10 year performance, STI beats the S&P by a small margin. (and we haven even talk about costs since S&P is gonna be expensive after tax.)
But i'm gonna extend that further by taking on an alternative, the MSCI Singapore Index.
reference:
Singapore historical return.
S&P total return
First, we have to understand that we are now living in a flat world. One sectors fundamental performance is highly correlated across the world. For instant. If a US bank is doing well, do you think a UK bank won't be doing well? Take a look at O&G now, all companies around the world is bleeding. So as far as fundamental are concern, sector performance have the same beta. What makes the different is the volatility of their reporting currency, market risk and each individual's specific business risk.
next, currency volatility is relevant because if you look at specific pockets of time between 1990 and 2012, there are pockets that STI outperforms S&P, and there are times that S&P outperformance STI after factoring currency volatility and it becomes clear that this non correlation adds diversification benefits if you don't only invest in S&P.
last, i'm gonna talk about the performance of S&P between 1990 and 2000. We must understand that there is two decade of S&P performance thats making history by giving double digital annualised compounded return, that's the 80's and 90's. The problem with this is that there are a handful of folks (experts per sa) suggesting that this kind of return will not happen again. If you look at the PE of the index, the S&P have clearly outrun STI by a significant margin. This is the very reason why Mr Bogle has changed his expected return to 5% annualised over the next ten years.
according to Mr Bogle, market return is : Dividend yield(fundamental) + earning growth (fundamental) + changes in PE ratio (speculative). The reason why he is doing this, because is thinks its right to adjust PE back to the mean level. Now, we don't know where the market is heading. But if you believe in the fundamental correlation that i talked about above, then the only thing thats gonna affect the difference in S&P and STI is the speculative return which is the change in PE ratio.
But it is because we don't know about the future, that's why a couple of us have always suggest to include VWRD/IDWA with STI instead of just S&P only. that way, we don't have to worry about which market is gonna outperform because if any one outperforms, your re-balancing alarm gets triggered.