Is the karasuma station in downtown kyoto?
Yes, Karasuma is in Downtown Kyoto. While it directly connected via subway to Kyoto Station, Karasuma is located in the eastern side of Downtown Kyoto which is not that lively. From Karasuma, it is also quite a far walk to go to Gion/Higashiyama district especially during cold season. I have personally stayed at Karasuma during my very first trip to Kyoto. However, after visiting Kyoto several times, I found that there are other places in Downtown Kyoto which are better than Karasuma.
Imagine Downtown Kyoto as a square box bordered by Karasuma to the east, Kawaramachi to the west, Sanjo to the north and Shijo to the south.
My recommended place to stay in Kyoto is Downtown Kawaramachi for these reasons:
1. Easy walking distance to Gion and Higashiyma district which is just a bridge away. This means no need to take the crowded buses in Kyoto to get to nearby tourist places.
2. East transport via subway/train to farther places like Arashiyama, Fushimi Inari and Osaka from Downtown Kawaramachi. This means you bypass the crowded buses in Kyoto as well as bypass Kyoto Station which can be confusing for first timers.
3. It is a practical place to stay with shops and restaurants open until 9pm. Not all places in Kyoto are lively. Restaurants in Gion/Higashiyma district close very early at around 6pm. So by staying at Downtown Kawaramachi, you're able to extend your day without having to go very far to food, entertainment and shopping at night.
You can see more details here:
asiatravelbug.com/blog/where-to-stay-in-kyoto-best-place
Karasuma used to have cheaper accommodations compared to Kawaramachi. However, hotels/hostels/capsule have rapidly increased in Downtown Kawamarachi in the past years. You should be able to find an accommodation fit to your budget in Downtown Kawaramachi as long as you book ahead of time especially if you're going during peak season.