Openwrt Router Firmware

xiaofan · May 24, 2024

Futher tuning the DAWN parameters seem to help the roaming performance as well.
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/dawn
https://github.com/berlin-open-wire...e3a5d079f899bbe46461fc78b4566349/CONFIGURE.md

AP 1 -- H3C NX30 Pro running OpenWRT, 802.11 k/v/r + Dawn, in the living room, Tx power 20dBm, CH36, 80MHz
AP 2 -- TP-Link Deco M4R v1 running OpenWRT, 802.11 k/v/r + Dawn, in the corner of main bedroom, Tx power setting 20dBm, CH52, 80MHz

Walking between the two APs and check when roaming happens.
-70 dBm, -71 dBm, -66 dBm, -71 dBm, -71 dBm

Bash:

root@OpenWrt_DecoM4:~# cat /etc/config/dawn
config local
        option loglevel '0'

config network
        option broadcast_ip '192.168.38.255'
        option broadcast_port '1025'
        option tcp_port '1026'
        option network_option '2'
        option shared_key 'Niiiiiiiiiiiiick'
        option iv 'Niiiiiiiiiiiiick'
        option use_symm_enc '0'
        option collision_domain '-1'
        option bandwidth '-1'

config hostapd
        option hostapd_dir '/var/run/hostapd'

config times
        option con_timeout '60'
        option update_client '10'
        option remove_client '15'
        option remove_probe '30'
        option remove_ap '460'
        option update_hostapd '10'
        option update_tcp_con '10'
        option update_chan_util '5'
        option update_beacon_reports '20'

config metric 'global'
        option min_probe_count '3'
        option bandwidth_threshold '6'
        option use_station_count '0'
        option max_station_diff '1'
        option eval_probe_req '0'
        option eval_auth_req '0'
        option eval_assoc_req '0'
        option kicking '3'
        option kicking_threshold '20'
        option deny_auth_reason '1'
        option deny_assoc_reason '17'
        option min_number_to_kick '3'
        option chan_util_avg_period '3'
        option set_hostapd_nr '0'
        option duration '0'
        option rrm_mode 'pat'

config metric '802_11g'
        option initial_score '80'
        option ht_support '0'
        option vht_support '0'
        option no_ht_support '0'
        option no_vht_support '0'
        option rssi '0'
        option rssi_val '-60'
        option low_rssi_val '-70'
        option low_rssi '0'
        option chan_util '0'
        option chan_util_val '140'
        option max_chan_util '-15'
        option max_chan_util_val '170'
        option rssi_weight '2'
        option rssi_center '-65'

config metric '802_11a'
        option initial_score '100'
        option ht_support '0'
        option vht_support '0'
        option no_ht_support '0'
        option no_vht_support '0'
        option rssi '0'
        option rssi_val '-60'
        option low_rssi_val '-70'
        option low_rssi '0'
        option chan_util '0'
        option chan_util_val '140'
        option max_chan_util '0'
        option max_chan_util_val '170'
        option rssi_weight '2'
        option rssi_center '-65'

xiaofan · May 24, 2024

There are a lot of good information in the above-mentioned OpenWRT thread and there are different opinions about roaming.
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/proper-configuration-of-802-11k-and-802-11v/152994/142

One thing I learned is the difference between 802.11s wireless mesh versus 802.11 k/v/r roaming.
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/proper-configuration-of-802-11k-and-802-11v/152994/144

The 802.11s network is a backbone between the router and the APs. You will create a separate SSID for the client devices (laptops, phones) to connect to. On that SSID, you need proper 802.11k and 802.11v configuration for the client devices to roam smoothly.

More references.
1) OpenWRT 802.11s
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/80211s

2) 802.11 k/v/r under OpenWRT, DAWN and usteer
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/basic
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/dawn
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/usteer

3) OpenWRT dumb AP guide
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/dumbap

4) OpenWRT WDS (for wireless bridge/repeater)
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/atheroswds

5) My simple understanding (not that correct)
OpenWRT dumb AP + 802.11 k/v/r + Dawn/usteer is similar to consumer mesh with Ethernet backhaul
OpenWRT 802.11s + AP + 802.11 k/v/r + Dawn/usteer is similar to consumer mesh with wireless backhaul

xiaofan · May 25, 2024

It is interesting that the old D-Link DIR-865L is now supported by OpenWRT snapshot.
https://openwrt.org/toh/d-link/dir-865l_a1
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/adding-openwrt-support-for-dlink-dir-865l/151078

I have no idea how good it is though -- it is using Broadcom chipset and OpenWRT WiFi support for Broadcom is quite bad.

Maybe people will have better luck with older FreshTomato build.
https://freshtomato.org/downloads/freshtomato-mips/2024/2024.2/K26RT-AC/

Take note D-Link no longer supports DIR-865L (as well as DIR-868L).

DIR-868L good DD-WRT support.
https://wiki.dd-wrt.com/wiki/index.php/D-Link_DIR-868L

xiaofan · May 25, 2024

For those with Asus unsupported router like RT-AC87U, you might want to give OpenWRT a try. But you can forget about WiFI in this case, just use it as an wired router.
https://openwrt.org/toh/hwdata/asus/asus_rt-ac87u
https://openwrt.org/meta/infobox/broadcom_wifi

Some of the obsolete Asus router has OpenWRT support (but you may have to ignore those with poor Broadcom WiFi support)
https://openwrt.org/toh/hwdata/asus/start

Take note Asus Merlin still supports RT-AC68U, RT-AC88U and RT-AC5300 as of now. So you may not want to consider OpenWRT for them.
https://www.asuswrt-merlin.net/

Asus EOL list for wireless AC/AX router
https://www.asus.com/event/network/eol-product/

Lyra
Lyra mini
Lyra Trio
Lyra Voice
RT-AC1200
RT-AC1200E
RT-AC1200G
RT-AC1200G+
RT-AC1200GE
RT-AC1200GPLUS
RT-AC1200GU
RT-AC1200HP
RT-AC1200L
RT-AC1200RU
RT-AC1300Gplus
RT-AC1300G_PLUS_V2
RT-AC1300UHP
RT-AC1500UHP
RT-AC1500G
RT-AC1500G_PLUS
RT-AC1500G+
RT-AC51
RT-AC51U
RT-AC51U+
RT-AC51Uplus
RT-AC52
RT-AC52U
RT-AC52U_B1
RT-AC52U_Combo_Pack
RT-AC53
RT-AC53U
RT-AC54U
RT-AC55
RT-AC55UHP
RT-AC56R
RT-AC56S
RT-AC56U
RT-AC57U
RT-AC57U_V2
RT-AC58
RT-AC58U
RT-AC58U_v2
RT-AC59U
RT-AC750
RT-AC750L
RT-ACRH12
RT-ACRH13
RT-ACRH15
RT-ACRH17
RT-ACRH18
RT-ACRH26
RT-AX56U_V1
ZenWiFi CD6
TM-AC1900
Blue Cave
RT-AC1750
RT-AC1750U
RT-AC1900P
RT-AC1900P(2-PK)
RT-AC2200
RT-AC2400
RT-AC2600
RT-AC3100
RT-AC3200
RT-ACRH18
RT-AC65
RT-AC65P
RT-AC65U
RT-AC66R
RT-AC66U
RT-AC66U_B1
RT-AC66U_WHITE
RT-AC66W
RT-AC67P
RT-AC67U
RT-AC68U
RT-AC68U_V4
RT-AC85P
RT-AC85U
RT-AC86U
RT-AC87R
RT-AC87U
RT-AC88U
ZenWiFi CT8
RT-AX92U
GT-AC2900
RT-AX68U
BRT-AC828
GT-AC5300
RT-AC5300

xiaofan · May 25, 2024

I got my D-Link DIR-865L upon upgrading from Starhub Cable online to 100Mbps Fibre back in 2014.

Just got curious and installed OpenWRT snapshot -- interestingly no wireless function at all. Even though the following thread says that you can get 2.4GHz WiFi working by building OpenWRT by yourself. I do not think I want to do that myself. [Edit: after install kmod-b43, I can see that 2.4GHz b/g but no n wireless, which becomes useless).
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/adding-openwrt-support-for-dlink-dir-865l/151078/20
https://openwrt.org/toh/d-link/dir-865l_a1

Hostname	OpenWrt_DIR865L
Model	Unknown Board
Architecture	Broadcom BCM5300
Target Platform	bcm47xx/mips74k
Firmware Version	OpenWrt SNAPSHOT r26397-c71b68acdd / LuCI Master 24.135.65178~2bb1e06
Kernel Version	5.15.158
Local Time	2024-05-25 12:09:08
Uptime	0h 26m 19s
Load Average	0.04, 0.05, 0.18

As for FreshTomato, apparently 2.4GHz/5GHz WiFi are both working. But somehow I can not do anything after getting into the Web UI. Probably the Web UI is not compatible with latest web browser.

xiaofan · May 25, 2024

I was hoping that DIR-865L with OpenWRT can still be used as an wired router. Unfortunately the routing performance is also not good. I guess it is useless after all.

Without SW offloading.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     2.04 ms   (jitter: 0.07ms, low: 1.86ms, high: 2.12ms)
    Download:   185.62 Mbps (data used: 91.0 MB)
                 12.82 ms   (jitter: 1.85ms, low: 2.03ms, high: 17.83ms)
      Upload:   149.85 Mbps (data used: 171.2 MB)
                 45.19 ms   (jitter: 8.66ms, low: 16.10ms, high: 303.55ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/fb54660f-bd20-4ec8-8d0b-a561b1e1d15e

With SW or SW/HW offloading: the speed improves but still quite low.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     2.33 ms   (jitter: 0.20ms, low: 2.17ms, high: 2.48ms)
    Download:   278.65 Mbps (data used: 129.7 MB)
                 12.05 ms   (jitter: 1.18ms, low: 2.91ms, high: 18.03ms)
      Upload:   245.38 Mbps (data used: 308.2 MB)
                 28.10 ms   (jitter: 5.00ms, low: 10.43ms, high: 277.45ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/0f07e02a-b57f-4e7f-b39e-30087fe7ccbf

xiaofan · May 25, 2024

xiaofan said:
As for FreshTomato, apparently 2.4GHz/5GHz WiFi are both working. But somehow I can not do anything after getting into the Web UI. Probably the Web UI is not compatible with latest web browser.

Actually it works after I clear browser cache. But it is not that useful after all since wired/wireless speed are not good. I guess I can really retire this 10 year old router.

Name	FreshTomato
Model	D-Link DIR-865L
Bootloader (CFE)	--
Chipset	Broadcom BCM5300 chip rev 1 pkg 0
CPU Frequency	600 MHz
Flash Size	16 MB

Time	Sat, 25 May 2024 07:28:05 +0200
Uptime	00h 15m 43s
CPU Load (1 / 5 / 15 mins)	0.04 / 0.20 / 0.10
Used / Total RAM	12.66 MB / 249.77 MB (5.07%)
Used / Total NVRAM	25.37 KB / 32.00 KB (79.28%)

Wireless Temperature	eth1: 5G - 63°C / 145°F eth2: 2.4G - 50°C / 122°F

Wired speed is still not good.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     2.56 ms   (jitter: 0.41ms, low: 2.26ms, high: 3.00ms)
    Download:   189.06 Mbps (data used: 94.9 MB)
                 10.24 ms   (jitter: 0.76ms, low: 8.20ms, high: 17.67ms)
      Upload:   202.53 Mbps (data used: 54.9 MB)
                323.43 ms   (jitter: 87.33ms, low: 18.73ms, high: 1275.00ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/fd37954c-9b2f-438a-9acf-96c5aec12f81

5GHz wireless at 30cm.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     3.58 ms   (jitter: 0.47ms, low: 3.17ms, high: 4.26ms)
    Download:   134.51 Mbps (data used: 167.1 MB)
                 24.41 ms   (jitter: 13.94ms, low: 3.79ms, high: 121.60ms)
      Upload:   105.65 Mbps (data used: 192.9 MB)
                282.07 ms   (jitter: 77.99ms, low: 16.05ms, high: 489.55ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/576e74b5-d5e4-451c-be3c-125fba50f1cc

5GHz wireless at 3m.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:    28.11 ms   (jitter: 57.60ms, low: 3.75ms, high: 90.50ms)
    Download:    51.44 Mbps (data used: 85.3 MB)
                 71.13 ms   (jitter: 47.46ms, low: 5.00ms, high: 611.49ms)
      Upload:    60.42 Mbps (data used: 107.7 MB)
                490.46 ms   (jitter: 91.67ms, low: 13.33ms, high: 1012.17ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/ea8512d1-4b81-4f48-a5af-10097265387d

xiaofan · May 25, 2024

I have set up another Deco M4 V1 with OpenWRT. For this unit, I set it up as an wireless media bridge/repeater.

Main OpenWRT virtual router -- ZTE BE7200 Pro+ AP (CH149, 80MHz) -- 5GHz wireless link, 4m away -- Deco M4 V1 OpenWRT as repeater using WDS client -- 5GHz WiFi to other wireless clients (AP, CH149, 80MHz)
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/atheroswds

From the following, you can see that the wireless bandwidth will reduce significantly.

Deco M4 LAN client OOkla SpeedTest

Code:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     4.81 ms   (jitter: 1.53ms, low: 3.88ms, high: 6.89ms)
    Download:   275.31 Mbps (data used: 255.2 MB)
                 27.83 ms   (jitter: 43.82ms, low: 3.60ms, high: 501.26ms)
      Upload:   246.84 Mbps (data used: 227.2 MB)
                 18.25 ms   (jitter: 4.47ms, low: 5.31ms, high: 40.10ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/180beeb8-ad47-4b63-9e31-fbb815005e61

Deco M4 Wireless client OOkla SpeedTest (close range 1m away)

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     6.69 ms   (jitter: 3.84ms, low: 4.67ms, high: 12.63ms)
    Download:   185.78 Mbps (data used: 174.5 MB)
                 24.26 ms   (jitter: 11.80ms, low: 7.68ms, high: 286.82ms)
      Upload:   189.37 Mbps (data used: 193.7 MB)
                 93.65 ms   (jitter: 23.45ms, low: 17.77ms, high: 350.76ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/2dfbac8c-3593-493f-ad95-e1645b67d097

loganrunning · May 26, 2024

xiaofan said:

Actually it works after I clear browser cache. But it is not that useful after all since wired/wireless speed are not good. I guess I can really retire this 10 year old router.

Name	FreshTomato
Model	D-Link DIR-865L
Bootloader (CFE)	--
Chipset	Broadcom BCM5300 chip rev 1 pkg 0
CPU Frequency	600 MHz
Flash Size	16 MB

Time	Sat, 25 May 2024 07:28:05 +0200
Uptime	00h 15m 43s
CPU Load (1 / 5 / 15 mins)	0.04 / 0.20 / 0.10
Used / Total RAM	12.66 MB / 249.77 MB (5.07%)
Used / Total NVRAM	25.37 KB / 32.00 KB (79.28%)

Wireless Temperature	eth1: 5G - 63°C / 145°F eth2: 2.4G - 50°C / 122°F

Wired speed is still not good.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     2.56 ms   (jitter: 0.41ms, low: 2.26ms, high: 3.00ms)
    Download:   189.06 Mbps (data used: 94.9 MB)
                 10.24 ms   (jitter: 0.76ms, low: 8.20ms, high: 17.67ms)
      Upload:   202.53 Mbps (data used: 54.9 MB)
                323.43 ms   (jitter: 87.33ms, low: 18.73ms, high: 1275.00ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/fd37954c-9b2f-438a-9acf-96c5aec12f81

5GHz wireless at 30cm.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     3.58 ms   (jitter: 0.47ms, low: 3.17ms, high: 4.26ms)
    Download:   134.51 Mbps (data used: 167.1 MB)
                 24.41 ms   (jitter: 13.94ms, low: 3.79ms, high: 121.60ms)
      Upload:   105.65 Mbps (data used: 192.9 MB)
                282.07 ms   (jitter: 77.99ms, low: 16.05ms, high: 489.55ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/576e74b5-d5e4-451c-be3c-125fba50f1cc

5GHz wireless at 3m.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:    28.11 ms   (jitter: 57.60ms, low: 3.75ms, high: 90.50ms)
    Download:    51.44 Mbps (data used: 85.3 MB)
                 71.13 ms   (jitter: 47.46ms, low: 5.00ms, high: 611.49ms)
      Upload:    60.42 Mbps (data used: 107.7 MB)
                490.46 ms   (jitter: 91.67ms, low: 13.33ms, high: 1012.17ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/ea8512d1-4b81-4f48-a5af-10097265387d

The last i measured DIR-865L as router under FreshTomato was about 2 years ago. I recall that wired routing speed topped out max 350-400Mbps, which was ok for M1 500Mbps plan. I didn't bother to measure wireless speed as users only used wireless for video and music (streaming sites).

i currently have 1 set up as an AP (given away). No complaints from the reciepients.
With the relatively weak CPU, its ok as an AP, but underperforms as a router. Maybe can give it away to someone who needs an AP, to save it from the landfill

xiaofan · May 26, 2024

loganrunning said:
The last i measured DIR-865L as router under FreshTomato was about 2 years ago. I recall that wired routing speed topped out max 350-400Mbps, which was ok for M1 500Mbps plan. I didn't bother to measure wireless speed as users only used wireless for video and music (streaming sites).

i currently have 1 set up as an AP (given away). No complaints from the reciepients.
With the relatively weak CPU, its ok as an AP, but underperforms as a router. Maybe can give it away to someone who needs an AP, to save it from the landfill

Thanks for the info.

I will keep it and hope one day OpenWRT will have better support of it (now with Snapshot support).
https://openwrt.org/toh/d-link/dir-865l_a1

By right the BCM4706 600MHz CPU is similar to the 650MHz QCA9563 CPU inside my TP-Link Deco M4R (which has routing performance >900Mbps). Main thing is probable SW/HW offloading is not working with BCM4706 under DIR-865L running OpenWRT/FreshTomato.

xiaofan · May 26, 2024

xiaofan said:
I have set up another Deco M4 V1 with OpenWRT. For this unit, I set it up as an wireless media bridge/repeater.

Main OpenWRT virtual router -- ZTE BE7200 Pro+ AP (CH149, 80MHz) -- 5GHz wireless link, 4m away -- Deco M4 V1 OpenWRT as repeater using WDS client -- 5GHz WiFi to other wireless clients (AP, CH48, 80MHz)
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/atheroswds

From the following, you can see that the wireless bandwidth will reduce significantly.

The more complex alternative for WDS is to use 802.11s.
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/80211s

So I just set up a simple wireless mesh network (wireless backhaul) using 802.11s without using mesh11sd package (okay for two or three nodes as per the following OpenWRT link), using two TP-Link Deco M4R running OpenWRT.
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/80211s

Main OpenWRT virtual router -- Deco M4R V1 OpenWRT AP with 802.11s (CH36, 80MHz) -- 5GHz wireless link, 3m away -- Deco M4R V1 OpenWRT as wireless mesh node using 802.11s

Both Deco will have one 5GHz WiFi AP to serve other wireless clients (AP, CH36, 80MHz). So the 5GHz band is used both for wireless backhaul between the two mesh nodes and also for serving the clients.

1) Wireless client (Acer Windows 11 laptop) connected to the main Deco M4R v1.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     3.49 ms   (jitter: 0.13ms, low: 3.32ms, high: 3.69ms)
    Download:   258.41 Mbps (data used: 239.2 MB)
                 13.54 ms   (jitter: 5.07ms, low: 5.32ms, high: 45.64ms)
      Upload:   367.37 Mbps (data used: 491.2 MB)
                 54.37 ms   (jitter: 26.50ms, low: 3.83ms, high: 343.03ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/0c71b707-6997-4370-8fa9-07a39aaed01d

2) Wired client (Acer Windows 11 laptop) connected to the second Deco M4R v1

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     4.55 ms   (jitter: 0.76ms, low: 3.63ms, high: 4.89ms)
    Download:   236.78 Mbps (data used: 107.1 MB)
                 18.26 ms   (jitter: 2.59ms, low: 5.29ms, high: 26.66ms)
      Upload:   244.43 Mbps (data used: 239.3 MB)
                 25.37 ms   (jitter: 2.81ms, low: 5.66ms, high: 41.49ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/395f636b-9e17-4267-8871-10124dca279f

3) Wireless client (Acer Windows 11 laptop) connected to the second Deco M4R v1.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     5.49 ms   (jitter: 1.00ms, low: 5.08ms, high: 6.55ms)
    Download:   145.93 Mbps (data used: 128.0 MB)
                 25.90 ms   (jitter: 6.95ms, low: 11.32ms, high: 135.30ms)
      Upload:   138.20 Mbps (data used: 239.0 MB)
                120.08 ms   (jitter: 41.07ms, low: 4.69ms, high: 460.44ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/1ba214d2-4714-443f-8985-fedfe94de058

BTW, wired device connected to the main Deco M4R v1 is not affected.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     1.78 ms   (jitter: 0.10ms, low: 1.65ms, high: 1.86ms)
    Download:   934.60 Mbps (data used: 444.2 MB)
                  3.15 ms   (jitter: 6.57ms, low: 1.95ms, high: 216.34ms)
      Upload:   945.64 Mbps (data used: 1.1 GB)
                  4.31 ms   (jitter: 0.89ms, low: 1.87ms, high: 26.28ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/abf0d68c-9eca-4843-bf30-89838ed8941d

xiaofan · May 26, 2024

More tutorials about Wireless Mesh for OpenWRT.
1) using 802.11s (tested to be working)
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/80211s
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/mesh11sd

2) using batman-adv (not tested, looks quite complicated and no need to small home network)
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/mesh/batman

xiaofan · May 26, 2024

Two parts OpenWRT setup video -- Basic setup, VLAN and Wireless AP

xiaofan · May 26, 2024

Finally decided to go with mainline OpenWRT 23.05.3 release for H3C NX30 Pro. I have to reflash Uboot to suit the OpenWRT format.

Flash guide:
https://git.openwrt.org/?p=openwrt/openwrt.git;a=commit;h=e78d1a06c8a47be9ea5a306bfb43f3d7ceb89646
https://ericclose.github.io/install-openwrt-on-h3c_magic-nx30-pro.html

Hostname	OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO
Model	H3C Magic NX30 Pro
Architecture	ARMv8 Processor rev 4
Target Platform	mediatek/filogic
Firmware Version	OpenWrt 23.05.3 r23809-234f1a2efa / LuCI openwrt-23.05 branch git-24.073.29889-cd7e519
Kernel Version	5.15.150
Local Time	2024-05-26 18:58:15
Uptime	0h 4m 42s
Load Average	0.04, 0.07, 0.02

1) Speedtest directly from the router, with SW/HW offload ON

Bash:

root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# ./speedtest

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     1.54 ms   (jitter: 0.07ms, low: 1.44ms, high: 1.71ms)
    Download:   925.27 Mbps (data used: 439.5 MB)
                  2.92 ms   (jitter: 6.38ms, low: 1.35ms, high: 212.47ms)
      Upload:   937.99 Mbps (data used: 1.1 GB)
                  3.40 ms   (jitter: 0.58ms, low: 1.98ms, high: 15.51ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/3f7edab6-5d7e-4d3a-a455-83dd04c58e1a

Wired client Speedtest (Acer Windows 11 laptop with Ugree USB 3.0 gigabit Ethernet adapter).

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     2.17 ms   (jitter: 0.21ms, low: 1.87ms, high: 2.54ms)
    Download:   920.73 Mbps (data used: 438.0 MB)
                  3.26 ms   (jitter: 0.57ms, low: 2.05ms, high: 4.42ms)
      Upload:   945.30 Mbps (data used: 1.1 GB)
                  4.68 ms   (jitter: 0.83ms, low: 2.46ms, high: 26.33ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/60cf3252-0683-4e12-ae25-e94ee0c1f949

2) 3m wireless speedtest (CH36, 80MHz), Acer Windows 11 laptop with built-in Intel AX201 WiFi 6 adapter.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     2.64 ms   (jitter: 0.26ms, low: 2.46ms, high: 2.91ms)
    Download:   616.50 Mbps (data used: 463.6 MB)
                  8.43 ms   (jitter: 3.38ms, low: 2.33ms, high: 15.90ms)
      Upload:   600.69 Mbps (data used: 1.0 GB)
                 27.77 ms   (jitter: 12.09ms, low: 4.80ms, high: 92.24ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/515af67f-ab8d-4c38-8b15-0b7063ff0da5

xiaofan · May 26, 2024

Linksys EA7500v2 and Linksys EA8100 v1 are widely available from Carousell for about S$10. It can still be used as a good wireless AP or repeapter, becuase both actually support 4x4 AC 80MHz channel bandwidth on the 5GHz band.

The following is the performance of using EA7500 v2 as a repeater using OpenWRT WDS client. You can see it is much better than the Deco M4R V1 (2x2 AC 80MHz channel bandwidth on the 5GHz band).
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/network/wifi/atheroswds

Main OpenWRT virtual router -- ZTE BE7200 Pro+ AP (CH149, 80MHz) -- 5GHz wireless link, 4m away -- Linksys EA7500 v2 OpenWRT as repeater using WDS client -- 5GHz WiFi to other wireless clients (AP, CH149, 80MHz)

1) Wired client speed (Acer Windows 11 laptop with Ugree USB 3.0 gigabit Ethernet adapter).

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     5.08 ms   (jitter: 1.13ms, low: 4.32ms, high: 6.56ms)
    Download:   652.48 Mbps (data used: 685.2 MB)
                  8.73 ms   (jitter: 1.71ms, low: 5.77ms, high: 14.10ms)
      Upload:   584.08 Mbps (data used: 727.0 MB)
                 29.36 ms   (jitter: 6.52ms, low: 7.57ms, high: 56.60ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/4595de93-6675-4578-8724-a7c278d86654

2) Wireless client speed (Acer Windows 11 laptop with built-in Intel AX201 WiFi 6 adapter).

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> .\speedtest.exe -s 13623

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     5.28 ms   (jitter: 0.39ms, low: 4.58ms, high: 5.62ms)
    Download:   287.38 Mbps (data used: 265.2 MB)
                 17.12 ms   (jitter: 5.76ms, low: 6.53ms, high: 40.07ms)
      Upload:   283.57 Mbps (data used: 511.1 MB)
                 59.22 ms   (jitter: 17.46ms, low: 15.83ms, high: 348.90ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/72245d74-512e-47c7-a789-4d27d781c6df

loganrunning · May 26, 2024

xiaofan said:
Main thing is probable SW/HW offloading is not working with BCM4706 under DIR-865L running OpenWRT/FreshTomato.

i think this is the answer.

Now that you mention it, recalling from before.....
CTF is available (on FreshTomato) for the DIR-868L, not the DIR-865L.
Turning off CTF on the DIR-868L results in slightly higher routing speeds 400-450Mbps.

xiaofan · May 27, 2024

Some OpenWRT benchmark links.

1) OpenSSL performance
https://openwrt.org/docs/guide-user/perf_and_log/benchmark.openssl

2) Wireguard VPN performance
https://github.com/cyyself/wg-bench
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/a-wireguard-comparison-db/187586

3) NAT. SQM, Wireguard and OpenVPN performance
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/compara...including-nat-sqm-wireguard-and-openvpn/44724

4) "iperf3 -c 127.0.0.1" performance
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/please-...t-results-here-to-make-router-database/109897

5) time sh -c 'dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=100 | md5sum' performance
https://romanrm.net/router-cpu-performance

xiaofan · May 27, 2024

Some benchmark run on H3C NX30 Pro running official OpenWRT 23.05.3 release (Filogic 820 chipset).

Bash:

root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# iperf3 -s -D && iperf3 -c 127.0.0.1
Connecting to host 127.0.0.1, port 5201
[  5] local 127.0.0.1 port 34412 connected to 127.0.0.1 port 5201
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec   661 MBytes  5.54 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec   653 MBytes  5.48 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec   655 MBytes  5.50 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec   660 MBytes  5.54 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec   663 MBytes  5.56 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec   654 MBytes  5.49 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec   658 MBytes  5.52 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec   664 MBytes  5.57 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec   669 MBytes  5.61 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec   673 MBytes  5.65 Gbits/sec    0   1.25 MBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  6.46 GBytes  5.55 Gbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec  6.45 GBytes  5.54 Gbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.
root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# ps | grep iperf | grep -v grep
 3095 root      1320 S    iperf3 -s -D
root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# kill 3095

root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# time sh -c 'dd if=/dev/zero bs=1M count=100 | md5sum'
100+0 records in
100+0 records out
2f282b84e7e608d5852449ed940bfc51  -
real    0m 0.91s
user    0m 0.77s
sys     0m 0.27s

root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# sh openssl_single_core.sh
...
| r23809 single-thread | 26.00 | 3.0.13 | 116816820 | 299614180 | 286781300 | 95481320 | 0.00 | 5671590 | 974626080 | 731731290 | 604318380 | 119.0 | 4440.6 | 320.7 | 359.5 |

root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# sh openssl_multiple_core.sh
...
| r23809 -multi 2 | 26.00 | 3.0.13 | 233015640 | 604187310 | 575467180 | 191888040 | 0.00 | 11302230 | 1937074860 | 1459281920 | 1203303770 | 236.1 | 8843.1 | 630.9 | 698.5 |

root@OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO:~# sh <(wget -O - https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cyyself/wg-bench/master/openwrt-benchmark.sh
)
Downloading 'https://raw.githubusercontent.com/cyyself/wg-bench/master/openwrt-benchmark.sh'
Connecting to 185.199.111.133:443
Writing to stdout
-                    100% |*******************************|  2908   0:00:00 ETA
Download completed (2908 bytes)

Packages:
Wireguard already installed
Iperf3 already installed
ip-full already installed
kmod-veth already installed
Installed psmisc...
Installing psmisc (23.4-2) to root...
Downloading https://downloads.openwrt.org/releases/23.05.3/packages/aarch64_cortex-a53/packages/psmisc_23.4-2_aarch64_cortex-a53.ipk
Configuring psmisc.

Routers details:
{
        "kernel": "5.15.150",
        "hostname": "OpenWrt_H3CNX30PRO",
        "system": "ARMv8 Processor rev 4",
        "model": "H3C Magic NX30 Pro",
        "board_name": "h3c,magic-nx30-pro",
        "rootfs_type": "squashfs",
        "release": {
                "distribution": "OpenWrt",
                "version": "23.05.3",
                "revision": "r23809-234f1a2efa",
                "target": "mediatek/filogic",
                "description": "OpenWrt 23.05.3 r23809-234f1a2efa"
        }
}
Connecting to host 169.254.200.2, port 4242
[  5] local 169.254.200.1 port 54904 connected to 169.254.200.2 port 4242
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr  Cwnd
[  5]   0.00-1.00   sec  52.9 MBytes   443 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   1.00-2.00   sec  51.9 MBytes   435 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   2.00-3.00   sec  53.1 MBytes   446 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   3.00-4.00   sec  52.8 MBytes   442 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   4.00-5.00   sec  52.4 MBytes   439 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   5.00-6.00   sec  52.8 MBytes   443 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   6.00-7.00   sec  52.0 MBytes   436 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   7.00-8.00   sec  52.6 MBytes   441 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   8.00-9.00   sec  53.4 MBytes   448 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
[  5]   9.00-10.00  sec  53.5 MBytes   449 Mbits/sec    0    970 KBytes
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
[ ID] Interval           Transfer     Bitrate         Retr
[  5]   0.00-10.00  sec   528 MBytes   442 Mbits/sec    0             sender
[  5]   0.00-10.01  sec   526 MBytes   441 Mbits/sec                  receiver

iperf Done.
4242/tcp:             4089

BradenHeat · Jun 1, 2024

A much easier setup, semi openwrt, for people who dont want the learning curve

xiaofan · Jun 1, 2024

I decided not to change Xiaomi AX3000T to OpenWRT this time, but rather to stick with Xiaomi stock FW, since I already installed Linux on the H3X NX30 Pro which has the same MTK Filogic 820 chipset and same 256MB RAM configuration.

But before I upgraded to latest MiWiFi 稳定版 1.0.64 which does not have the SSH exploit, I tried the SSH exploit from the original installed 1.0.47 version and the SSH exploit seems to work fine.
https://openwrt.org/inbox/toh/xiaomi/ax3000t

After upgrading to 1.0.64, no more SSH access.

Bash:

PS C:\work\speedtest\ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-win64> ssh root@192.168.31.1
root@192.168.31.1's password:


BusyBox v1.25.1 (2023-07-30 07:05:14 UTC) built-in shell (ash)

 -----------------------------------------------------
       Welcome to XiaoQiang!
 -----------------------------------------------------
  $$$$$$\  $$$$$$$\  $$$$$$$$\      $$\      $$\        $$$$$$\  $$\   $$\
 $$  __$$\ $$  __$$\ $$  _____|     $$ |     $$ |      $$  __$$\ $$ | $$  |
 $$ /  $$ |$$ |  $$ |$$ |           $$ |     $$ |      $$ /  $$ |$$ |$$  /
 $$$$$$$$ |$$$$$$$  |$$$$$\         $$ |     $$ |      $$ |  $$ |$$$$$  /
 $$  __$$ |$$  __$$< $$  __|        $$ |     $$ |      $$ |  $$ |$$  $$<
 $$ |  $$ |$$ |  $$ |$$ |           $$ |     $$ |      $$ |  $$ |$$ |\$$\
 $$ |  $$ |$$ |  $$ |$$$$$$$$\       $$$$$$$$$  |       $$$$$$  |$$ | \$$\
 \__|  \__|\__|  \__|\________|      \_________/        \______/ \__|  \__|


root@XiaoQiang:~# ls

root@XiaoQiang:/etc/config# ls
ab                   firewall_cpp         miwifi               pluginmanager        uhttpd
account              ipfilter             miwifi_host_mapping  port_map             upnpd
backup               ipv6                 mobile_accel         port_service         vas
bind                 luci                 module               pppoe                vas_user
cfgbackup            macbind              mosquitto            push                 vpnlist
country_mapping      macfilter            mtkhqos              region_mapping       webfilter
ddns                 messaging            mwan3                rpcd                 wifiblist
deviceinfo           miio_ot              network              sdkfilter            wifiwlist
devicelist           miled                nfc                  security             wireless
dhcp                 mipctl_app           nfnlq_userland       smartvpn             xiaoqiang
diag                 mipctl_user          nginx                system               xqled
dropbear             miqos                otapred              traffic
firewall             misc                 parentalctl          ucitrack

root@XiaoQiang:/etc/config# cat /proc/cmdline
console=ttyS0,115200n1 loglevel=8 swiotlb=512 rootfstype=squashfs firmware=0 mtd=ubi

root@XiaoQiang:/tmp# curl -o speedtest.tgz https://install.speedtest.net/app/cli/ookla-speedtest-1.2.0-linux-aarch64.tgz
  % Total    % Received % Xferd  Average Speed   Time    Time     Time  Current
                                 Dload  Upload   Total   Spent    Left  Speed
100 1056k  100 1056k    0     0  6883k      0 --:--:-- --:--:-- --:--:-- 6907k

root@XiaoQiang:/tmp# tar zxvf speedtest.tgz
speedtest
speedtest.md
speedtest.5

root@XiaoQiang:/tmp# ./speedtest -s 13623
[error] Failed to save settings: boost::filesystem::create_directories: Read-only file system [system:30]: "/root/.config/ookla", "/root/.config"
[error] Path used: /root/.config/ookla/speedtest-cli.json

   Speedtest by Ookla

      Server: Singtel - Singapore (id: 13623)
         ISP: Singtel Fibre
Idle Latency:     1.65 ms   (jitter: 0.14ms, low: 1.51ms, high: 1.88ms)
    Download:   858.30 Mbps (data used: 428.5 MB)
                  3.55 ms   (jitter: 1.17ms, low: 1.50ms, high: 5.97ms)
      Upload:   682.08 Mbps (data used: 781.3 MB)
                  7.20 ms   (jitter: 1.00ms, low: 1.80ms, high: 12.41ms)
 Packet Loss:     0.0%
  Result URL: https://www.speedtest.net/result/c/74e313e3-f870-43f7-9d84-62878cafccef

root@XiaoQiang:/tmp# cat /proc/mtd
dev:    size   erasesize  name
mtd0: 08000000 00020000 "spi0.0"
mtd1: 00100000 00020000 "BL2"
mtd2: 00040000 00020000 "Nvram"
mtd3: 00040000 00020000 "Bdata"
mtd4: 00200000 00020000 "Factory"
mtd5: 00200000 00020000 "FIP"
mtd6: 00040000 00020000 "crash"
mtd7: 00040000 00020000 "crash_log"
mtd8: 02200000 00020000 "ubi"
mtd9: 02200000 00020000 "ubi1"
mtd10: 02000000 00020000 "overlay"
mtd11: 00c00000 00020000 "data"
mtd12: 00040000 00020000 "KF"
root@XiaoQiang:/tmp# mount
/dev/root on / type squashfs (ro,noatime)
proc on /proc type proc (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime)
sysfs on /sys type sysfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime)
cgroup on /sys/fs/cgroup type cgroup (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,relatime,cpuset,cpu,cpuacct,blkio,memory,devices,freezer,net_cls,pids,rdma)
tmpfs on /tmp type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,nodev,noatime)
none on /etc type ramfs (rw,relatime)
none on /lib/wifi type ramfs (rw,relatime)
none on /lib/firmware type ramfs (rw,relatime)
ubi1:cfg on /data type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /userdisk type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
/dev/root on /userdisk/data type squashfs (ro,noatime)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/config type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/datacenterconfig type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/smartcontroller type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/parentalctl type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/smartvpn type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/ppp type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/crontabs type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
ubi1:cfg on /etc/mipctl type ubifs (rw,sync,relatime,assert=read-only,ubi=1,vol=1)
tmpfs on /dev type tmpfs (rw,nosuid,relatime,size=512k,mode=755)
devpts on /dev/pts type devpts (rw,nosuid,noexec,relatime,mode=600,ptmxmode=000)
debugfs on /sys/kernel/debug type debugfs (rw,noatime)
none on /sys/fs/bpf type bpf (rw,nosuid,nodev,noexec,noatime,mode=700)
pstore on /sys/fs/pstore type pstore (rw,noatime)

As per OpenWRT forum, Xiaomi AX3000T will get official OpenWRT 23.05.4 release.
https://forum.openwrt.org/t/openwrt-support-for-xiaomi-ax3000t/180490/493

As per the post, the internation version (RD03 model) is also working with OpenWRT.

Openwrt Router Firmware

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