A Conniving Woman?
Every story has two sides. The story about Rebekah disguising her son Jacob to deceive her husband makes her sound like a manipulative and deceitful wife. Have you ever heard Rebekah's side of the story?
When Isaac wanted to give his firstborn son Esau the blessing, his wife Rebekah intervened. She sent Jacob in Esau’s place to intercept the blessing. It seems like a capricious and conniving thing to do, and it doesn’t paint a very flattering picture of Rebekah or Jacob. But that’s because we are missing an important part of the story.
To understand why Rebekah did what she did, we have to back up to before her boys were born. For twenty years Rebekah and Isaac tried to have a child that could carry on the Abrahamic legacy. All that time, “Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife” (Genesis 25:21). One legend says that, at the end of twenty years, Isaac brought Rebekah to Mount Moriah, and he prayed for her there at the future site of Jerusalem and the holy Temple:
Rebekah was barren for twenty years. After twenty years Isaac took Rebekah to Mount Moriah, to the place where he had been bound, and he prayed on her behalf that she might conceive, and the Holy One, blessed be He, was moved by him, as it says, “Isaac prayed to the LORD on behalf of his wife.” (Pirkei de Rabbi Eliezer 32)
Isaac prayed and the LORD answered him. Rebekah conceived twins. She did not know that she was carrying twins. As the children began to develop and move within her, she felt enormous pain. She began to wonder if she would survive the pregnancy. She exclaimed, “Why am I this way?”
But the children struggled together within her; and she said, “If it is so, why then am I this way?” So she went to inquire of the LORD. (Genesis 25:22)
In desperation, and without her husband Isaac with her, she returned to Mount Moriah to seek out the LORD again.
The children were contending with one another in her womb like mighty warriors … The time of her confinement came around, and her soul was near to death because of her pain, so she went to pray in the place where she and Isaac had gone. (Pirkei de Rabbi Eliezer 32)
Rebekah inquired of the LORD, and the LORD answered her through the voice of prophetic oracle. She received a prophecy about the children in her womb. Rebekah’s prophecy indicated that she carried the patriarchs of two great nations: Jacob the father of Israel and Esau the father of Edom. The nation of Israel (the younger) will prevail over Edom (the older).
The LORD told Rebekah that Jacob would prevail over Esau. He did not tell Isaac, and neither did Rebekah. One might expect that the LORD should have spoken to Isaac regarding his wife’s pregnancy, a matter for which Isaac had persevered in prayer for twenty years. The LORD did not give the prophecy to Isaac. In fact, the LORD had not yet spoken directly to Isaac at all. Isaac had not yet experienced the type of divine, mystical encounters that were so common for his father Abraham. At the time that Rebekah went to inquire of the LORD, Abraham was still alive, but the LORD did not vouchsafe the oracle about the twins to Abraham either.
That’s the important part of the story. Only Rebekah knew the truth: that Jacob was to be the heir of the Abrahamic legacy, not Esau, and that is why she did what she did.
Only Rebekah heard the prophecy, and she did not share it with her husband. Isaac’s ignorance of Rebekah’s prophecy is a crucial piece of the otherwise baffling story of Jacob and Esau.