曾国藩的祖父颇有一套治家之法,致使家业兴旺。对此,他深为敬重,信守不移。他将祖父相传之家法概括为“早”(早起)、“扫”(洒扫)、“考”(祭祀祖宗)、“宝”(善待亲族邻里)、“书”(读书)、“蔬”(种菜)、“鱼”(养鱼)、“猪”(养猪),作为治家之道的八字诀,叮嘱家人时时留心,躬身实践。实际上,像曾国藩家族这样的豪门大户,其成员干活多少是无关紧要的。曾国藩认为关键是要形成一种勤俭持爱的风气,养成勤俭致富的习惯,这样才能家运兴盛、家风融融、和乐太平。曾国藩时常对自己的言行进行剖析,把自己行为的对错得失告诉家人,以作为曾门子弟的借鉴,这也是他家教的方法之一。他曾给儿子写信,反省自己的不足。他说:“一家能勤能敬,虽乱世亦有兴旺气象;一身能勤能敬,虽愚人亦有贤智风味。吾生平于此二字少工夫,今谆谆则训吾昆弟子侄,务宜刻刻遵守。至要至要。”对家人的缺点错误,曾国藩能直接批评,使受批评者因受到指责而感到羞愧。他曾批评诸弟“不好收拾洁净”,批评澄弟“满腔骄傲之气”,批评六弟、季弟较懒,批评曾纪泽写字笔力太弱,看书成诵者太少,举止也不厚重。批评之后,他还能指出改正的方向,态度严肃中肯且平和,令家人心悦诚服。
Zeng Guofan's grandfather had quite a set of family management methods, which made the family business prosper. In this regard, he deeply respects and abides by it. He summarized the family law passed down by his grandfather as "zao" (get up early), "sweep" (sweep), "kao" (worship ancestors), "bao" (be kind to relatives and neighbors), "shu" (reading), "vegetable" (growing vegetables), "fish" (raising fish), and "pig" (raising pigs), as the eight-character formulas of family management, tell family members to always pay attention and practice. In fact, it doesn't matter how much the members of a wealthy family like the Zeng Guofan family work. Zeng Guofan believes that the key is to form an atmosphere of diligence, thrift and love, and to develop the habit of diligence and thrift to get rich, so that the family can be prosperous, the family atmosphere is harmonious, and there is peace and harmony. Zeng Guofan often analyzes his own words and deeds, and tells his family the right and wrong of his behavior as a reference for the children of Zengmen. This is also one of the methods of his family education. He once wrote to his son to reflect on his own inadequacies. He said: "If a family can be diligent and respectful, even in troubled times, they will be prosperous; if a person can be diligent and respectful, even if they are fools, they will be wise and wise. In my life, I have spent no little time on these two words. It should be followed at all times. It is the most important thing." Zeng Guofan can directly criticize the shortcomings and mistakes of his family, making the critics feel ashamed for being blamed. He once criticized the younger brothers for being "not easy to clean up", criticized younger brother Cheng for being "full of pride", criticized younger brother six and younger brother Ji for being lazy, criticized Zeng Jize for being too weak in writing, too few read and reciters, and not polite in manners. After criticism, he can point out the direction of correction, and his attitude is serious, fair and peaceful, which convinces his family.