Hi, anyone knows of any in-depth guide to particles and sentence construction? I'm self studying N5 right now and while I do understand the definitions that Genki has, I often find them insufficient as I always wonder which particle should I use and the general definition doesn't really seem to help(or maybe I'm just insecure).
Does anyone also knows any book that gives an in-depth guide to sentence construction as well? I know the general rule is Subject-Object-Verb but I find that kinda inapplicable whenever I'm trying to formulate a sentence. I always have to type it out, google it and see if my sentence makes sense or not(maybe I'm just being very insecure again). I can mostly understand what people are saying/typing but when it comes to me constructing a sentence, I'm at a loss of how to do it. Any books that have in-depth guides to those 2 are appreciated as I find that's my stumbling block now.
Btw, I was speaking to a Japanese professional illustrator whom I met in an event and then speak with her online(since there wasn't sufficient time to talk during the event and hence I couldn't answer her questions), where I have some questions. In one sentence she went "かのんちゃん好きなのですね!わたしも大好きな子なので嬉しいです!" While I do understand she means she also likes the character(among the ones she drew) too and is very happy, what does the first なの function as? I mean the statement is still fine if it is "かのんちゃん好きですね!" so what does putting なの achieve? What does that なの act as? I know the second なの is used like a linkage verb, linking わたしも大好きな子 and 嬉しいです together(correct me if I'm wrong), so what does the first なの does?
なの relates to the ~のだ construction, and as such provides explanatory, secondary, or supporting information (which could be a reason, a cause, or other fact the speaker feels would aid in the listener's understanding). Note that the な is only used if the preceding word is a noun or な-adjective. Following a verb or い-adjective, only の is used:
(Please ignore all the kanji characters)
For Example:
あの公園はとてもきれいなの。 That park is beautiful.
よく見たら、その動物はどうやら猫なの。 When I took a closer look, that animal turned out to be a cat.
その後、ちょっと買い物に行ったの。 After that, I went shopping for a bit.
この宿題は本当に難しいの。 This homework is really difficult.
These sentences have a feminine sound to them; to make them more masculine, change の to んだ, or のだ in written form. んです, or のです in written form, is a polite equivalent which is also gender-neutral.
Also, while this doesn't come through in the English, the use of の implies that the preceding sentence plays a supporting role in the surrounding context. It's still important, but the role it plays is more like that of a framework which buttresses the speaker's main point. This is a somewhat delicate inflection, the complete treatment of which is beyond the scope of this question.
なの is used by females most of the time, but なんです may use by males too
In summary (a bit out of scope, for your info),
The examples here were all ending particles (jp: 終助詞).
Question
Used to indicate inquiry. Inclining intonation.
User: Children as general, or ordinary people towards their close ones (friends, family).
てつお:明日どこか行くの?
Tetsuo: Ar