Inflationary pressure is picking up...
Where do you see that? It's not in the U.S. Consumer Price Index.
...employment is strong...
The headline U.S. unemployment rate is indeed as low as it was in the late 1960s. However, the labor force participation rate among prime age adults is still well below its all-time high. Moreover, wage rates are only modestly and recently rising in real terms, and not beyond what productivity growth would suggest. In short, the U.S. economy is some interplanetary distance away from wage-driven inflation.
...and we never ever have a recession when unemployment is this low.
The unemployment rate is a trailing macroeconomic indicator, not a leading one. In fact, the last time the headline unemployment rate was as low as it is now the U.S. experienced a relatively short, mild recession (from December, 1969, to November, 1970). But the unemployment rate surged to 6.1% in December, 1970, nearly 2.5 percentage points above its low. That was still a lot of real pain.
So what happens when cuts are then needed... Japan and Europe are cases in point where monetary policy loses effectiveness.
There are plenty of tools in the toolbag, including fiscal policy and unorthodox monetary policies, e.g. depositing free money in every consumer bank account overnight, or declaring every coin in circulation to be worth 10 times its face value. (The penny is instantly the new dime, the nickel is the new 50 cent piece, the dime is the new dollar coin, the quarter is the new US$2.50 coin -- or US$2 coin -- etc. Every kid, big and small, with a coin jar would rejoice.)
But if growth turns negative, we would really be in for trouble as cutting rates now means monetary policy loses its efficacy when needed later.
Maybe, but that's only one tool in the toolbag. Moreover, the Europeans and others have demonstrated that that particular tool can be oddly powerful. For some strange reason(s) bonds yielding negative interest rates are more viable than previously thought.
Look, I really don't lose sleep over the ability of central bankers to generate inflation
if they really wish to do so. This isn't actually difficult to do. As one journalist recently put it, if a central banker has that concern then the central bank should try depositing US$10 million in his and in everyone else's bank accounts then see if they have any remaining concerns. That journalist is offering this advice on contingency, and he will refund his US$5 million consulting fee (from his US$10 million richer bank account) in the event this experiment does not result in more inflation.
