Nov 20, 2010
STRAITS TIMES
WANTED: THE BEST & THE BRIGHTEST
Australia to favour graduates over tradesmen
Changes to immigration points system to draw highly skilled workers
By Jonathan Pearlman, For The Straits Times
SYDNEY: SCIENTISTS and PhD-holders will get a better shot at Australian residency while cooks and hairstylists are excluded, under the latest changes to the country's skilled immigration laws.
The slate of changes, announced last week by Immigration Minister Chris Bowen, are designed to attract highly skilled, experienced workers.
By shifting the emphasis to high skill levels and relevant experience, it would also make it harder for foreign students with low-quality Australian qualifications to secure permanent residency.
The new system, to be introduced next July, gives extra points to people aged between 25 and 32 as well as to those who have a good command of the English language or several years of experience in their chosen field.
'For too long we've had a situation where Harvard graduates in, say, environmental science with extensive work experience would not qualify for skilled migration to Australia, whereas someone with ...a small amount of work experience would,' Mr Bowen told a business luncheon.
'I am concerned that somebody could nominate a particular profession and not have what would be regarded as a high level of qualifications and skills, and just because they have nominated that particular profession or trade, be able to have that virtually assure their claim for skilled migration into Australia.'
The changes follow a decision in May to slash the number of preferred occupations and exclude trades and vocations such as interior decorators, real estate agents, fashion designers, hotel managers and massage therapists.
The new test lowers the pass mark for prospective migrants from 120 points to 65, but awards no points to those with only 'competent' English skills.
In another effort to lift standards, it gives PhD graduates 20 points, compared with 15 for bachelor's degree holders and 10 for skilled tradesmen.
Dr Bob Birrell, a population expert at Monash University, said the changes make it harder for foreign students to get visas, particularly if their English skills are not strong.
But the change was not 'an attack on overseas students', he added.
'The new system creates more of a level playing field and removes some of the advantages for people who are applying onshore compared with those offshore,' Dr Birrell told The Straits Times.
'The migration programme has been heavily weighted towards people who completed courses in Australia. It did not make much sense for a programme designed to attract high-level skills. The evidence was that many students were struggling in the job market, particularly with communication.'
Points system entrants comprise about 45 per cent of the roughly 113,000 places in the annual migration programme, with some visas still available to less qualified workers who have sponsorships.
But business and employer organisations have warned that the new system will make it harder to recruit suitable workers.
The chief executive of the Restaurants and Caterers Association, Mr John Hart, said the changes would disadvantage migrants from non-English-speaking backgrounds and make it harder to fill about 5,000 vacant positions.
'The English language level requirement is already very difficult, particularly for cooks from offshore,' he said.
'The reality is that they don't need the English language to work in an Italian restaurant or a German restaurant or a Chinese restaurant. To be honest, most Australians like the fact that it's authentic Chinese or Italian cuisine.'
The chief executive of the Australian Industry Group, Ms Heather Ridout, criticised the decision to give preferential treatment to university graduates over tradesmen.
*'The decision to give fewer points to the skilled trades compared with university qualifications does not adequately reflect the critical need for trade skills in our economy,' she said.
'For example, (the changes) would give applicants with undergraduate degrees five more points than highly skilled electricians or diesel mechanics whose skills are in particularly high demand in the mining, manufacturing and construction industries.'*
The changes partly follow concerns about the international education sector in Australia, including dodgy practices and scams by private colleges and visa abuses. The government has been tightening oversight of the sector amid concerns about the exploitation of foreign students, many of whom are targeted by colleges offering courses pegged to the selling point of permanent residency.
Dr Birrell said the latest visa changes would end any links between the education sector and the visa programme.
Under the new programme, 15 points are given to those with five years of work experience in Australia or eight years overseas. People who work in casual jobs that are not related to their profession receive no extra points.
Degrees from non-Australian universities receive as many points as those from Australian universities, though people who studied for two years or more in Australia receive an extra five points.
Australia has more than 400,000 international students, including about 165,000 from China and 50,000 from India. The industry is worth about A$18 billion (S$23 billion) annually.
Some student groups have expressed concern about the impact of the changes to the immigration laws.
Mr Gautam Gupta from the Federation of Indian Students of Australia said he did not believe the changes targeted Indian students or that Indian students were more likely to seek to stay in Australia than those from China or South America.
But he added: 'The big risk is that some students will now be discouraged because of the lack of stability in the system. If the rules keep changing every few months, people will not have confidence.'
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